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The first chapter of the Adi Parva of the Mahabharata describes how Vyasa dictated the Mahabharata to Ganesha, who wrote it down:

Brahma said. 'I esteem thee for thy knowledge of divine mysteries, before the whole body of celebrated Munis distinguished for the sanctity of their lives. I know thou hast revealed the divine word, even from its first utterance, in the language of truth. Thou hast called thy present work a poem, wherefore it shall be a poem. There shall be no poets whose works may equal the descriptions of this poem, even, as the three other modes called Asrama are ever unequal in merit to the domestic Asrama. Let Ganesa be thought of, O Muni, for the purpose of writing the poem.' Brahma having thus spoken to Vyasa, retired to his own abode. Then Vyasa began to call to mind Ganesa. And Ganesa, obviator of obstacles, ready to fulfil the desires of his votarieno sooner thought of, than he repaired to the place where Vyasa was seated. And when he had been saluted, and was seated, Vyasa addressed him thus, 'O guide of the Ganas! be thou the writer of the Bharata which I have formed in my imagination, and which I am about to repeat.' Ganesa, upon hearing this address, thus answered, 'I will become the writer of thy work, provided my pen do not for a moment cease writing.' And Vyasa said unto that divinity, 'Wherever there be anything thou dost not comprehend, cease to continue writing.' Ganesa having signified his assent, by repeating the word Om! proceeded to write; and Vyasa began; and by way of diversion, he knit the knots of composition exceeding close; by doing which, he dictated this work according to his engagement. I am (continued Sauti) acquainted with eight thousand and eight hundred verses, and so is Suka, and perhaps Sanjaya. From the mysteriousness of their meaning, O Muni, no one is able, to this day, to penetrate those closely knit difficult slokas. Even the omniscient Ganesa took a moment to consider; while Vyasa, however, continued to compose other verses in great abundance.

My question is, what script did Ganesha write the Mahabharata in?

Sanskrit has been written in numerous scripts over the ages. Some people have the misconception that Devanagari is the "original" script of the Sanskrit language, or even that it's a divine script. But in reality it's only called Devanagari because in modern times it's the script that Hindu scripture is written in, not because it's the script of the gods or anything. Scripts like Brahmi are far older than Devanagari. And Sanskrit doesn't have an "original" script; it is a divine and eternal language, but what are divine and eternal are the sounds of the language, not its script.

In any case, are there any scriptures or works of Acharyas that shed light on what script Ganesha used? By the way, I'm aware that some people consider this Vyasa and Ganesha to be an interpolation, but I want an answer that takes for granted that Ganesha wrote the Mahabharata.

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    I'm guessing this question will remain unanswered for two reasons: 1) The Debroy tr. of Mahabharata based on the latest BORI critical edition doesn't contain the Vyasa-Ganesha conversation. So there will be little interest among scholars in finding out who created this myth in the first place or what script Ganesha used for the first time. Jul 28, 2017 at 17:12
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    2) During Pāṇini's time the word "Mahabharata" was still an adjective, not a noun that referred to an epic. The words 'Kunti' and 'Madri' were also adjectives, not names. What this means is MB was still not considered an epic when Sanskrit was emerging. So it's very much likely much of MB we know today was written in Sanskrit after Pāṇini for the first time. Jul 28, 2017 at 17:12
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    @sv. The fact that Indologists who view our scriptures with a skeptical eye may consider this passage an interpolation has no bearing on what Hindu scholars and Acharyas who believe that Ganesha really did write the Mahabharata would discuss in their works. Jul 28, 2017 at 17:45

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There was a time when the Vedic type religion or Mitra-Varuna religion existed in Iran and even further west upto Mesopotamia. Almost all the scripts in the region are descended from the same source. The descent from Sumerian cuneiform to Brahmi can be traced. I give an example from 500BC ( time of last additions to the Rig Veda. Also Gautama Buddha says that Veda of 4 families of priests is still uncorrupted- in his humble opinion.). The example of the inscription of Darius from the Naqsh-e-Rustam.(Wikipedia naqsh e rustum)

UB This writing is about the reign and the conquests of Darius ( Daryush). It is in an intermediate stage where the cuneiform writing was emerging as a script. Below I give an example of the script used by the Mitanni- who had Mitra-Varuna as their gods. It is similar.(World History Encyclopedia graphic) A Mitanni inscription from museum

There are scholars who say that the priests of fire divided into the monotheistic peaceful Bhrigus on west of Indus and polytheistic warlike Angiras' east of Indus. Prior to the schism the Veda was the Atharvana ( atar fire ), different from Atharva veda). Our Vedic seers saw the verses from Indra , Vayu etc. But the separation was a bit gradual so that Apam-Napat of the Bhargavas is still reflected in our books. The split took place around the time of Zarthosht.( Zoroaster who took the lead in monotheistic tendency of Bhrigu Maharshi). So possible that advaitin roots are from that time. I mention this because both might have used the old Iranian script.[Encyclopedia Iranica]

The oldest Sanskrit writing scripts found are in Brahmi. Mostly it will be Kushana Brahmi. Lord Ganesha can appear at any time he wills. And write in the script of that age being thd Lord of Wisdom. The oldest copy of Mahabharat was found in silk route near Kizil in China. 3 or 4th century BC in Buddhist Brahmi.(Spitzer Manuscript Wikipedia)Mahabharat

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