I think your question is way too much generic to be answered in detail. But i think is very interesting , although i didn't see the video itself.
I will post here just an example with a source , based on the description about just pillars and bricks inside ancient temples:
As regards the assembling Pillars Starnbha-sandhayah ,following are a few excerpts from Pride of India: A Glimpse Into India’s Scientific Heritage
Assembly of Pillars: It is said that there are five types of
assemblies suitable for pillars; these are Mesayuddha, Trikhanda,
Saubhadra, Ardhapani and Mahavrtta. Mesayuddharn trikhandam ca
saubhadram cardhapanikam I Mahavrttarn ca paficaite stambhanam
sandhayah smrtah II When there is a central tenon* (projection at the
end of a piece of wood etc., with a width) a third (that of the
pillar) and a length twice or two and half time its width, this is
Mesayuddha (mortise – A hole to receive a tenon ,and tenon) assembly
Svavyasakarnamadhyardhadvigunam va tadayatam I Tryarnsaikam
madhyarnasikham mesayuddharn prakIrtitam II) In the Trikhanda
assembly, there are three mortises and three tenons arranged as a
Swastika, The assembly called Saubhadra comprises four peripheral
tenons. Svastyakararn trikhandarn syat satriciili trikhandakarn I
Parsve catuhsikhopetam saubhadramiti sarnjfiitam II An assembly is
called Ardhapani (scarf joint) when half the lower and half the upper
pieces are cut to size according to the thickness chosen (for the
pillar) Ardham chitva tu mule Sgre canyonyabhinivesanat I
Ardhapaniriti prokto grhitaghanamanatah When there is a semicircular
section tenon at the centre, the assembly is called Mahavrtta, the
well advised man employs this for circular section pillars
Ardhavrttasikharn madhye tanmahavrttarnucyate I Vrttakrtisu padesu
prayunjita vicaksanah II The assembling of (the different parts of) a
pillar should be done below the middle and any assembling done above
will be a source of accident; (however) the assembly which brings
together the bell-capital and the abacus gives the certainty of
success. When a stone pillar, with its decoration, (is to be
assembled) this should be done according to the specific case.
Stambhanam starnbhadairghyardhadadhah sandhanamacaret I
Stambhamadhyordhvasandhisced vipadamaspadam sad a II
Kumbhamandyadisarnyuktam sandhanam sam pad am padam I Salankare
silastarnbhe yathayogam tathacaret II It should be known that the
assembling of the vertical pieces is done according to the disposition
of the different parts of the tree; if the bottom is above and the top
is below, all chance of success is lost Sthitasya
padapasyangapravrttivasato viduh / Urdhvamulamadhascagram
sarvasampadvinasanam II ] Ramanathaswamy
Temple B.Bricks (Ishtaka)
Bricks have been in use for thousands of years in construction of yupa
the sacrificial altars and Chaithyas the early temples of the Vedic
ages. Shathapatha Brahmana as also Shilpa Rathna describes the
methods for moulding and burning the bricks. The Sulba sutras and
Manasara detail the dimensions of the bricks of various sizes in
relation to the sacrificial altars constructed for various purposes.
The remnants of the Indus valley civilization too amply demonstrate
the extensive use of bricks in construction of buildings and other
structures. During the later ages, the bricks were used in the temple
structures mainly for erecting Gopuras the temple towers and Vimanas
the domes over the sanctum. As per the descriptions given in Manasara
the bricks were made in various sizes; the size of the bricks varying
from 7 inches to 26 or even to 31 inches in length. The length of the
bricks were 1 ¼, 1 ½, 1 ¾ or 2 times the width .The height of the
brick was ½ its width or equal to the width. Thus, bricks of different
sizes, shapes, and types were made. The composition, shape and baking
of a brick depended upon the use to which it was put. Interestingly,
the bricks with straight and linier edges were called male bricks;
while those with a broad front side and a narrower back side or those
of curved shape were called female bricks. The bricks in concave shape
were called neuter bricks. The male bricks could be used in the
construction of the prasada, the sanctum. The female bricks were used
for the sanctum of female deities. The neuter bricks were generally
not used in temple construction; but were used for lining the walls of
the well. According to Shukla Yajurveda Samhita, bricks were made from
thoroughly mixed and pulverized earth and other ingredients. The earth
was strengthened by mixing goat hair, fine sand, iron flake or filings
and powdered stone. Earth was also mixed with ‘raal oil’, etc. and
thoroughly beaten and blended in order to increase the strength of the
material by enhancing the cohesion of the earth particles. Triphala
concoction is said to render the earth, white ants (termite) and
microbe proof.
Source : sreenivasarao's blogs
