Since science is always evolving and is also particular to the time
and place, there is no guarantee that the scientific facts will be
valid forever and everywhere. One can say that scientific facts are valid at a particular time and/or a particular space.
The fundamental laws of universe doesn't evolve it is always constant, our understanding changes. First we thought atom cannot be split, now we think it can be split, The laws of Universe doesn't change, it is our understanding that changes. If you call this understanding as Science, then ofcourse it changes as our understanding and logic is limited and flawed.
This question does not properly differentiate between our understanding of universe vs the very laws of the universe and seems to confuse one for another. So I'm answering keeping both in mind.
The question asks
I mean do Vedanta Sastras tell us that it is possible that a fact we
are believing can be false and a contradiction that we believe can be
true at some space at some time.
Well it depends on which philosophy you are asking. If you ask an Advaithi what ever you are believing now, will become false when you realise.
But if you ask a Dvaithi or Vishistadvaiti, then he will say no, the laws we believe, as per the Vedas cannot change as unlike modern science as Vedic knowledge is not subject to change as Vedas are eternal.
Modern science may change, but Vedic science, when correctly interpreted, can never change according to Hinduism as Vedas are eternal and apaurusheya, they remain constant and do not change.
But everyone agrees that the basic physical rule of the Universe (or Maya for Advaitins), is always the same, it may have different expressions.
कस्मिन्नु भगवो विज्ञाते सर्वमिदं विज्ञातं भवतीति ॥ ३ ॥
Sir, what is that through which, if it is known, everything else
becomes known?
— Mundaka Upanishad, 1.1.3
This verse can be interpreted multiple ways, but it is true that there is a thing if known you'll know everything. There is a basic dharma of existence which is the basic formula of the existence itself. Nothing other than this can happen.
Minor variations can happen in the expression of the rule, as some Universes are big, some are small etc., but the basic of it all remains the same. So our understanding can change but the Universe itself will not change. In terms of fundamental Dharma, what is possible today, was possible yesterday and will be possible tomorrow. What is not possible remains so. So the Dharma of the Universe stays constant.
